A new paper by housing expert Salim Furth shows it does so by making it harder for marginal people to find housing with relatives and friends.
…[A] large proportion of the homeless … could find housing with friends or relatives, if housing were cheaper. Some could potentially live with roommates. “YIMBY” policies that make it easier to build new housing in response to demand could alleviate this problem.
https://reason.com/volokh/2024/12/16/how-exclusionary-zoning-increases-homelessness